Example 1

The study was inclusive to all gender identities (e.g., male, female, transgender, two-spirit, non-binary and additional identities) and sexual orientations (e.g., heterosexual, gay or lesbian, bisexual, queer, uncertain or questioning, and other orientations). We investigated whether any associations differed between men and women, between those who identified within or outside of the gender binary, and by sexual orientation, but the effects were generally consistent. 

 Example 2

This study included same- and mixed-sex couples and sex was examined as a moderator of the associations between pornography use and sexual well-being. Thus, if these associations were different between men and women, they are presented separately. Out of the 265 couples included in the present study, six were same-sex couples (i.e. five woman-woman and one man-man couples). Although the sample size of the same-sex couples did not allow us to conduct the same analysis as in the case of the mixed-sex couples (i.e., actor-partner interdependence model), we used correlational analysis to provide preliminary results regarding the associations between pornography use motivations and sexual wellbeing in same-sex couples. 

 Example 3

Our study aimed to be inclusive of individuals of all bodies, gender identities, and sexual orientations. Sex and gender diverse couples, compared to cisgender and mixed-sex couples, are typically not seeking the services of a fertility clinic due to a medical infertility diagnosis, but rather, to start their family using medically assisted reproduction. As such, we included the following components to our survey to ensure we captured the experiences of all couples accessing fertility clinics: (1) separate assessments for sex and gender, (2) “Does not apply” options, and (3) comment boxes specifically asking for details about sex and gender diverse couples’ experiences in a fertility clinic. We also included an item asking participants which sexual functioning measure is most relevant to them, and which they are most comfortable completing. Some members of the trans community may feel ambivalent about their genitals, so giving the option for participants to skip the sexual functioning measure may limit any distress from having to choose a version or having to do a version that does not match their experience. In relation to our measure of dyadic coping, there is some evidence to suggest that women’s use of greater dyadic coping is associated with their own and their partner’s greater relationship satisfaction, compared to men. As such, we controlled for gender in all analyses.

 Example 4

In this research, all self-identified men and women were eligible (trans inclusive), thus sex and gender were not conflated. Questionnaires were modified to reduce cis-centric language and to reduce references to a gender binary where possible. Gender was considered in our method and analyses, by recruiting and comparing samples of men and women. Our findings add to emerging literature suggesting that... are not strongly gendered, thus challenging some assumptions regarding gender and sexuality.

 Example 5

Although our larger project includes same-gendered couples, we made the a-priori decision to focus on mix-gendered couples for our investigation of emotion regulation within the context of sexual conflict discussions. We made this decision in consideration of the notable gender differences in emotion regulation processes and sexual wellbeing (e.g., women endorse a larger repertoire of emotion regulatory strategies than men; men report a greater interest in sex during negative mood states than women). Moreover, women experience lower level of threat when expressing vulnerable information to other women than when disclosing to men. We therefore heed the call to consider such differences in emotion regulation research and focused on mixed-gender couples for the purpose of this abstract.

 Example 6

Sex and gender, as well as sexual orientation, were the main focus of the research and analyses, thus they are directly integrated into the research (e.g., separate categories based on sex assigned at birth, gender identity, and sexual orientation) and examined in our analyses.